The role of the jawbone is to provide support for the teeth in the jaw, and with the loss of teeth, it loses its function and begins to resorb. Bone loss in one place can cause further bone loss, leading to tooth loss and changing facial structure.
Bone is usually implanted in cases where it is necessary to insert an implant, but the density, width, or height of the bone is not sufficient to support the implant, so it is necessary to increase its volume. Depending on how much bone needs to be added and what technique is used, this procedure lasts between 30 minutes and 2 hours. The procedure is performed using local anesthesia and is not painful.
Increasing Bone Volume
When it comes to increasing bone volume, we distinguish between bone transplantation and bone grafting. Transplantation implies a donor, i.e., the bone is taken from the hip, skull, or chin of the patient himself or a donor of human or animal origin. This procedure is more complicated, expensive, and recovery is longer, so it is almost obsolete today. The second method is the installation of artificial bone, using synthetic materials. This procedure is significantly simpler and lasts 30-40 minutes, and recovery is instant.
A resorptive membrane is often used in cases of grafting or transplantation to protect and fix the implanted bone, thereby accelerating the healing rate. In most cases, it is necessary to wait about 100 days to proceed with the implant installation, i.e., for the bone in the treated region to form and harden. If the bone loss is not significant, it is possible in some cases to perform the implant installation simultaneously with the bone grafting.
One of the accompanying procedures that can be performed with the installation of artificial bone, to increase the height of the bone to make space for the implant, is a sinus lift. This procedure is performed exclusively in the upper jaw where the maxillary sinuses are located, which are carefully lifted, and the artificial bone is inserted into the bottom of the sinus.
Artificial Bone Installation for Implant Placement
It is used when there is a defect, either due to bone resorption due to inflammation or poor bone remodeling, and due to tooth loss or extraction. The artificial bone is then placed around the implant in the area of bone deformity to initiate the formation of new bone in the following months and fill defects on the alveolar ridge, thereby enabling a natural and aesthetically pleasing ridge.
Artificial Bone Installation as a Condition for Implant Placement
After the separation of the mucosa from the bone, artificial bone is placed on the bone of the alveolar ridge. A membrane that protects it is placed over the artificial bone. The mucosa is returned over the membrane and sewn. In this way, the artificial bone is protected and the initiation of the formation of new bone is enabled. After a certain period (at least 6 months), the implant can be placed.
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